These images show the leapfrogging of vortex rings. The rings begin with the same core thickness and ring radius, separated by one ring radius. Under the effect of the mutually induced velocities, the back ring is pulled forward through the front one, reducing its radius as it goes. Meanwhile the front ring expands to allow it through. Both rings change in core thickness as the vortex tubes are stretched and squeezed in transit. These results were calculated using the VINO vortex dynamics and noise code and visualized using the Elephant postprocessor (currently under development) and Geomview, a product of the Geometry Center of The University of Minnesota.
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