Frank Marken

Full Name:

Prof Frank Marken

Department:

Dept of Chemistry

Job Title:

Professor

Telephone:

01225 383694

Fax:

01225 396231

Mobile:

07977298205

E-mail Address:

F.Marken@bath.ac.uk

Postal Address:

Prof Frank Marken
1 South 0.05
Dept of Chemistry
University of Bath
Bath
BA2 7AY
United Kingdom

Go to the University of Bath Home Page.

Activities:

Bath Electrochemistry Winterschool and Summerschool

Submit your work to the Special Issue “Multi-phase Electrochemistry” in Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry

Illustration of ionic diode based water pumping in microporous polymers.

Book on Carbon Dioxide Conversion:

Book on New Methods in Electrosynthesis:

Projects:

Graphene Foam Electroanalysis

Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity in Electrochemistry

Water-based Energy Storage

Solar Water: Powering Microporous Membranes with Sunlight

Indirect Fuel Cells and Energy Conversion

Electrochemical Processes and Triphasic Catalysis within Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity

Nano-Integration of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Catalysis for the Uptake and Utilisation of CO₂

Applications of Liquid | Liquid Interfaces and Nanostructures in Solar Energy Harvesting

Junction Electroanalysis and Sensing in Nanogaps

Ionic Diodes, Ionic Diode Sensors, and Ionic Circuits

Microwaves in Electrochemistry and in Electrosynthesis

Green Electrosynthesis

Research Highlights:

(A) Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) and (photo-)catalysis in porous media

“Polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) enhances hydrogen peroxide production at Gii-Sens graphene foam electrodes”. Beluomini MA, Wang Y, Wang LA, Carta M, McKeown NB, Wikeley SM, James TD, Lozano-Sanchez P, Caffio M, Stradiotto NR, Zanoni MVB, Marken F, Electrochemistry Communications (2022) 143, 107394.

“Switching ionic diode states with proton binding into intrinsically microporous polyamine films (PIM-EA-TB) immersed in ethanol”. Li ZK, Fletcher PJ, Carta M, McKeown NB, Marken F, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry (2022) 922, 116751.

“Hydrogen Peroxide Versus Hydrogen Generation at Bipolar Pd/Au Nano-catalysts Grown into an Intrinsically Microporous Polyamine (PIM-EA-TB)”. Wang LN, Carta M, Malpass-Evans R, McKeown NB, Fletcher PJ, Lednitzky D, Marken F, Electrocatalysis, 2021, 12, 771-784.

“Catechin or quercetin guests in an intrinsically microporous polyamine (PIM-EA-TB) host: accumulation, reactivity, and release”. Wang LN, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Reeksting SB, Marken F, RSC Adv. 2021, 11, 27432-27442.

“Size-Selective Photoelectrochemical Reactions in Microporous Environments: Clark Probe Investigation of Pt@g-C3N4 Embedded into Intrinsically Microporous Polymer (PIM-1).” Zhao YZ, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Fletcher PJ, Kociok-Kohn G, Lednitzky D, Marken F, ChemElectroChem 2021, 8, 3499-3505.

(B) Ionic diode effects and transport in porous media

“Effective electroosmotic transport of water in an intrinsically microporous polyamine (PIM-EA-TB).” Li ZK, Malpass-Evans R, McKeown NB, Carta M, Mathwig K, Lowe JP, Marken F, Electrochem. Commun. 2021, 130, 107110.

“Ionic Diode and Molecular Pump Phenomena Associated with Caffeic Acid Accumulated into an Intrinsically Microporous Polyamine (PIM-EA-TB)”
Li ZK, Wang LA, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Mathwig K, Fletcher PJ, Marken F, ChemElectroChem 8, 2021, 2044-2051.

“Electroanalysis with a single microbead of phosphate binding resin (FerrIX^TM) mounted in epoxy film”
Thompson AK, Mathwig K, Fletcher PJ, Castaing R, Marken F, J. Solid State Electrochem. 2021, DOI10.1007/s10008-021-04982-2.

“Size-Selective Photoelectrochemical Reactions in Microporous Environments: Clark Probe Investigation of Pt@g-C₃N₄ Embedded into Intrinsically Microporous Polymer (PIM-1)”
Zhao YZ, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Fletcher PJ, Kociok-Kohn G, Lednitzky D, Marken F, ChemElectroChem 2021, DOI10.1002/celc.202100732.

“Polymers of intrinsic microporosity in electrocatalysis: Novel pore rigidity effects and lamella palladium growth”
Xia, FJ; Pan, M; Mu, SC; Malpass-Evans, R; Carta, M; McKeown, NB; Attard, GA; Brew, A; Morgan, DJ; Marken, F;
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2014, 128, 3-9.

“Ion flow in a zeolitic imidazolate framework results in ionic diode phenomena”
Madrid, E; Buckingham, MA; Stone, JM; Rogers, AT; Gee, WJ; Burrows, AD; Raithby, PR; Celorrio, V; Fermin, DJ; Marken, F; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS 2016, 52, 2792-2794.

“A Cationic Diode Based on Asymmetric Nafion Film Deposits”
He, DP; Madrid, E; Aaronson, BDB; Fan, L; Doughty, J; Mathwig, K; Bond, AM; McKeown, NB; Marken, F; ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017, 9, 11272-11278.

“Free-Standing Phytantriol Q(224) Cubic-Phase Films: Resistivity Monitoring and Switching”
Brown, R; Madrid, E; Castaing, R; Stone, JM; Squires, AM; Edler, KJ; Takashina, K; Marken, F; CHEMELECTROCHEM, 2017, 4, 1172-1180.

“Cellulose ionics: switching ionic diode responses by surface charge in reconstituted cellulose films”
Aaronson, BDB; Wigmore, D; Johns, MA; Scott, JL; Polikarpov, I; Marken, F; ANALYST 2017, 142, 3707-3714.

“Ionic Diode Characteristics at a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM) | Nafion Heterojunction Deposit on a Microhole Poly(ethylene-terephthalate) Substrate”
Putra, BR; Aaronson, BDB; Madrid, E; Mathwig, K; Carta, M; Malpass-Evans, R; McKeown, NB; Marken, F; ELECTROANALYSIS 2017, 29, 2217-2223.

“Potassium cation induced ionic diode blocking for a polymer of intrinsic microporosity vertical bar Nafion heterojunction on a microhole substrate”
Putra, BR; Carta, M; Malpass-Evans, R; McKeown, NB; Marken, F; ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2017, 258, 807-813.

“Switching Anionic and Cationic Semipermeability in Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile: A pH-Tunable Ionic Rectifier”
Tshwenya, L; Marken, F; Mathwig, K; Arotiba, OA; ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 3214-3224.

“An AC-driven desalination/salination system based on a Nafion cationic rectifier”
Putra, BR; Madrid, E; Tshwenya, L; Arotiba, OA; Marken, F; DESALINATION 2020, 480, 114351.

(C) Nano-carbon particles with covalently attached functional groups for sensors

“Functionalized Carbon Nanoparticles, Blacks and Soots as Electron- Transfer Building Blocks and Conduits”
Lawrence, K; Baker, CL; James, TD; Bull, SD; Lawrence, R; Mitchels, JM; Opallo, M; Arotiba, OA; Ozoemena, KI;
Marken, F; CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL 2014, 9, 1226

"Hydrothermal wrapping" with poly(4-vinylpyridine) introduces functionality: pH-sensitive core-shell carbon nanomaterials
Lawrence, K.; Nelson, G.W.; Foord, J.S.; Felipe-Sotelo, M.; Evans, N.D.M.; Mitchels, J.M.; James, T.D.; Xia, F.J.; Marken, F.:
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A 2013, 1, 4559.

Surface-dopylated carbon nanoparticles sense gas-induced pH changes
Bin Ibrahim, N; Lawrence, K; James, TD; Xia, FJ; Pan, M; Mu, SC; Mitchels, JM; Marken, F: SENSORS AND
ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2012, 161, 184.

Carbon Nanoparticle Surface Electrochemistry: High-Density Covalent Immobilisation and Pore-Reactivity of 9,10-Anthraquinone
Watkins, JD; Lawrence, K; Taylor, JE; James, TD; Bull, SD; Marken, F: ELECTROANALYSIS 2011, 23, 1320.

Carbon nanoparticle surface functionalisation: converting negatively charged sulfonate to positively charged sulfonamide
Watkins, JD; Lawrence, R; Taylor, JE; Bull, SD; Nelson, GW; Foord, JS; Wolverson, D; Rassaei, L; Evans, NDM; Gascon, SA; Marken,
F: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2010, 12, 4872.

Electrochemically Active Mercury Nanodroplets Trapped in a Carbon Nanoparticle - Chitosan Matrix
Rassaei, L; Sillanpaa, M; Edler, KJ; Marken, F: ELECTROANALYSIS 2009, 21, 261.

“Carbon-based quantum particles: an electroanalytical and biomedical perspective” Nekoueian, K; Amiri, M; Sillanpaa, M; Marken, F; Boukherroub, R; Szunerits, S; Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019, 48, 4281-4316.

(D) Carbon nanofiber membrane processes in electrosynthesis

Mechanistic aspects of aldehyde and imine electro-reduction in a liquid-liquid carbon nanofiber membrane microreactor
Watkins, JD; Taylor, JE; Bull, SD; Marken, F: TETRAHEDRON LETTERS 2012, 53, 3357.

Voltammetric probing of pH at carbon nanofiber-Nafion (TM)-carbon nanofiber membrane electrode assemblies
Webster, RA; Xia, FJ; Pan, M; Mu, SC; Dale, SEC; Tsang, SC; Hammett, FW; Bowen, CR; Marken, F:
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2012, 62, 97.

Liquid-liquid electro-organo-synthetic processes in a carbon nanofibre membrane microreactor: Triple phase boundary effects
in the absence of intentionally added electrolyte
Watkins, JD; Ahn, SD; Taylor, JE; Bull, SD; Bulman-Page, PC; Marken, F: ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2011, 56, 6764.

(E) Junction electroanalysis and electrosynthesis

“Recent Advances in Paired Electrosynthesis” Marken F, Cresswell AJ, Bull SD, Chem. Record 2021, DOI10.1002/tcr.202100047.

“Cysteine-Cystine Redox Cycling in a Gold-Gold Dual-Plate Generator-Collector Microtrench Sensor”
Hammond, JL; Gross, AJ; Estrela, P; Iniesta, J; Green, SJ; Winlove, CP; Winyard, PG; Benjamin, N; Marken, F;
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014, 86, 6748.

“Nano-Litre Proton/Hydrogen Titration in a Dual-Plate Platinum-Platinum Generator-Collector Electrode Micro-Trench”
Dale, SEC; Vuorema, A; Sillanpaa, M; Weber, J; Wain, AJ; Barnes, EO; Compton, RG; Marken, F;
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2014, 125, 94-100.

Generator-collector electroanalysis at tin-doped indium oxide-epoxy-tin-doped indium oxide junction electrodes
Dale, S.E.C.; Hotchen, C.E.; Marken, F: ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2013, 101, 196.

Gold-Gold Junction Electrodes: The Disconnection Method
Dale, SEC; Vuorema, A; Ashmore, EMY; Kasprzyk-Horden, B; Sillanpaa, M; Denuault, G; Marken, F: CHEMICAL RECORD 2012, 12, 143.

Pulse-Voltammetric Glucose Detection at Gold Junction Electrodes
Rassaei, L; Marken, F: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010, 82, 7063.

Paired gold junction electrodes with submicrometer gap
French, RW; Gordeev, SN; Raithby, PR; Marken, F: JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2009, 632, 206.

(F) Nanoparticulate structures at electrodes and sensing

Polymer indicator displacement assay: electrochemical glucose monitoring based on boronic acid receptors and graphene foam competitively binding with poly-nordihydroguaiaretic acid
Wikeley, SM; Przybylowski, J; Lozano-Sanchez, P; Caffio, M; James, TD; Bull, SD; Fletcher, PJ; Marken, F: Analyst 2022, 147, 661-670.

New Insights into Water Splitting at Mesoporous alpha-Fe2O3 Films: A Study by Modulated Transmittance and
Impedance Spectroscopies
Cummings, CY; Marken, F; Peter, LM; Wijayantha, KGU; Tahir, AA: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012, 134, 1228.

Surface State Trapping and Mobility Revealed by Junction Electrochemistry of Nano-Cr2O3
Cummings, CY; Attard, GA; Mitchels, JM; Marken, F: AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2012, 65, 65.

Enhanced TiO2 surface electrochemistry with carbonised layer-by-layer cellulose-PDDA composite films
Vuorema, A; Shariki, S; Sillanpaa, M; Thielemans, W; Nelson, GW; Foord, JS; Dale, SEC; Bending, S; Marken, F:
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2011, 13, 9857

Inter-particle charge transfer in TiO₂-phytate films: Generator-collector gold-gold junction transients
Rassaei, L; Herrmann, M; Gordeev, SN; Marken, F: JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012, 686, 32.

(G) Liquid – liquid electrochemical processes

“Liquid | Liquid Interfacial Photoelectrochemistry of Chromoionophore I Immobilised in 4-( 3-Phenylpropyl)Pyridine Microdroplets”
Bartlett, TR; Ahmed, S; Tuna, F; Collison, D; Blanchard, GJ; Marken, F; CHEMELECTROCHEM 2014, 1, 400-406.

Spectroelectrochemical Investigation of TPPMn(III/II)-Driven Liquid | Liquid | Electrode Triple Phase Boundary
Anion Transfer into 4-(3-Phenylpropyl)-Pyridine: ClO4-, CO3H-, Cl-, and F-
Collins, AM; Blanchard, GJ; Marken, F: ELECTROANALYSIS 2012, 24, 246.

Liquid | Liquid | Electrode Triple-Phase Boundary Photovoltammetry of Pentoxyresorufin in 4-(3-Phenylpropyl)pyridine
Collins, AM; Blanchard, GJ; Hawkett, J; Collison, D; Marken, F: LANGMUIR 2011, 27, 6471.

Ion Transport Across Liquid vertical bar Liquid Interfacial Boundaries Monitored at Generator-Collector Electrodes
Vuorema, A; Meadows, H; Bin Ibrahim, N; Del Campo, J; Cortina-Puig, M; Vagin, MY; Karyakin, AA; Sillanpaa, M; Marken, F:
ELECTROANALYSIS 2010, 22, 2889.

“Multiphase Methods in Organic Electrosynthesis” Marken, F; Wadhawan, JD; Acc. Chem. Res. 2019, 52, 3325-3338.

(H) Microwaves, ultrasound, and photoactivation in electrochemistry

“Semiconductor photoelectroanalysis and photobioelectroanalysis: A perspective.” Blaskievicz SF, Mascaro LH, Zhao YZ, Marken F, TRAC-Trends Anal. Chem. 2021, 135, 116154.

Photoelectrochemical Transients for Chlorine/Hypochlorite Formation at "Roll-On" Nano-WO₃ Film Electrodes
Ahmed, S.; Hassan, I.A.I.; Roy, H.; Marken, F.: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C 2013, 117, 7005.

Microwave-electrochemical formation of colloidal zinc oxide at fluorine doped tin oxide electrodes
Rassaei, L; Jaber, R; Flower, SE; Edler, KJ; Compton, RG; James, TD; Marken, F: ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA 2010, 55, 7909.

Microwave Activation of Electrochemical Processes in Ionic Liquid Impregnated Ionomer Spheres
Dale, SEC; Compton, RG; Marken, F: ELECTROANALYSIS 2012, 24, 997.

(I) Biological nanostructures and porous materials in electrochemical processes

Ferrocene-Decorated Nanocrystalline Cellulose with Charge Carrier Mobility
Eyley, S.; Shariki, S.; Dale, S.E.C.; Bending, S.; Marken, F.; Thielemans, W.: LANGMUIR 2012, 28, 6514.

Conformal transformation of [Co(bdc)(DMF)] (Co-MOF-71, bdc=1, 4-benzenedicarboxylate, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide)
into porous electrochemically active cobalt hydroxide
Miles, D.O.; Jiang, D.M.; Burrows, A.D.; Halls, J.E.; Marken, F.: ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS 2013, 27, 9.

Electroanalysis at Salt - Cotton - Electrode Interfaces: Preconcentration Effects Lead to Nano-Molar Hg2+ Sensitivity
Shariki, S; Dale, SEC; Marken, F: ELECTROANALYSIS 2011, 23, 2149.

(J) 3D-printing methods in electrochemistry

”Residual Porosity of 3D-LAM-Printed Stainless-Steel Electrodes Allows Galvanic Exchange Platinisation”
Weber, J; Wain, AJ; Piili, H; Matilainen, VP; Vuorema, A; Attard, GA; Marken, F; ChemElectroChem 2016, 3, 1020-1025.

“All-Polystyrene 3D-Printed Electrochemical Device with Embedded Carbon Nanofiber-Graphite-Polystyrene Composite Conductor”
Rymansaib, Z; Iravani, P; Emslie, E; Medvidovic-Kosanovic, M; Sak-Bosnar, M;
Verdejo, R; Marken, F; ELECTROANALYSIS 2016, 28, 1517-1523.

“Galvanic exchange platinization reveals laser-inscribed pattern in 3D-LAM-printed steel”
Litherland, AGM; Spurway, LM; Gordeev, SN; Aaronson, BDB; Wain, AJ; O'Connell, MA; Piili, H; Hovilehto, M; Matilainen, VP;
Vuorema, A; Marken, F; J. Solid State Electrochem. 2018, 22, 1755-1762.

“Vacuum-annealing induces sub-surface redox-states in surfactant-structured alpha-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes prepared by ink-jet printing”
Bondarchuk, AN; Peter, LM; Kissling, GP; Madrid, E; Aguilar-Martinez, JA; Rymansaib, Z; Iravani, P; Gromboni, M;
Mascaro, LH; Walsh, A; Marken, F; Appl. Catal. B Environm. 2017, 211, 289-295.