List of Figures

Figure 1 X-ray structure of a lithium amide-phosphorus ylide complex

Figure 2 X-ray structure of a bariam amide-phosphorus ylide complex

Figure 3 X-ray structure of a magnesium complex containing both neutral and N-metallated iminophosphorane ligands

Figure 4 X-ray Structure of a N-lithioiminophosphorane-lithium bromide complex

Figure 5 X-ray Structure of a tetrameric N-cuproiminophosphorane

Figure 6 X-ray Structure of a dimeric tetralithiocalix[4]arene complex

Figure 7 X-ray Structure of a tetralithiocalix[4]arene-lithium hydroxide complex

Figure 8 X-ray structure of triphenylphosphonium benzylide, showing the C-H...C interactions

Figure 9X-ray structure of triphenylarsonium benzylide

Figure 10 Neutron structure of triphenyliminophosphorane

Figure 11 X-ray structure of a molecular aryloxyphosphorane showing P-O interaction

Figure 12 Neutron structure of a zwitterionic vinylphosphonium salt showing intramolecular C-H…O hydrogen bonding

Figure 13 X-ray structure of a phosphonium aryloxide showing the dimeric, C-H…O hydrogen-bonded structure

Figure 14 X-ray structure of a phosphonium salt of a monodeprotonated bisphenol showing (a) the molecular unit and (b) the polymeric supramolecular structure mediated by O-H…O hydrogen bonds

Figure 15 X-ray structures of 1:1 HMPA adducts of (a) o-C2H12B10 (b) m-C2H12B10 (c) p-C2H12B10 showing the intermolecular C-H…O hydrogen bonding

Figure 16 X-ray structure of an iminophosphorane:o-C2H12B10 adduct

Figure 17 X-ray structure of 1:1 adduct between a cyclic urea and a hydroxylamine, showing the intra- and intermolecular O-H…O/N hydrogen bonding

Figure 18 X-ray structure of a 2:1 bisphenol:cyclic urea adduct showing O-H…O interactions (weak C-H…p and pp interactions not shown)

Figure 19 X-ray structure of a titanium/sodium citrate complex

Figure 20 X-ray structures of an titanium alkoxide precatalyst incorporating a P/N/O ligand